Comentario de La Brecha en Infraestructura Crítica: Instalaciones Portuarias en Estados Unidos y Vulnerabilidades Cibernéticas, Documento de Política, Center for 21st Century Security and Intelligence (CORE1095)
Resumen: En un documento de política de 50 páginas del Brookings Institute y elaborado por el Comandante Joseph Kramek de la Guardia Costera de los Estados Unidos y Miembro Ejecutivo Federal en la institución, se discute el estado actual de los asuntos relacionados con las vulnerabilidades en los puertos estadounidenses y se presentan las opciones para reforzar la seguridad cibernética. En el resumen ejecutivo, el Comandante Kramek escribe que las instalaciones portuarias estadounidenses de hoy en día se basan tanto de las redes y sistemas informáticos y de control como se basan de los estibadores para asegurar el flujo de comercio marítimo del que dependen el Estado, la economía y la seguridad nacional. Sin embargo, a diferencia de otros sectores críticos en la infraestructura, se ha prestado poca atención a los sistemas de redes que sustentan las operaciones portuarias. Reporte disponible (en inglés) en: http://www.brookings.edu/~/media/research/files/papers/2013/07/02%20cyber%20port%20security%20kramek/03%20cyber%20port%20security%20kramek.pdf
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Full review: No cybersecurity standards have been promulgated for U.S. ports, nor has the U.S. Coast Guard, the lead federal agency for maritime security, been granted cybersecurity authorities to regulate ports or other areas of maritime critical infrastructure. In the midst of this lacuna of authority is a sobering fact: according to the most recent National Intelligence Estimate (NIE) the next terrorist attack on U.S. Critical Infrastructure and Key Resources (CIKR) is just as likely to be a cyber attack as a kinetic attack.
The potential consequences of even a minimal disruption of the flow of goods in U.S. ports would be high. The zero-inventory, just-in-time delivery system that sustains the flow of U.S. commerce would grind to a halt in a matter of days; shelves at grocery stores and gas tanks at service stations would run empty. In certain ports, a cyber disruption affecting energy supplies would likely send not just a ripple but a shockwave through the U.S. and even global economy.
Given the absence of standards and authorities, this paper explores the current state of cybersecurity awareness and culture in selected U.S. port facilities. The use of the post-9/11 Port Security Grant Program (PSGP), administered by the Federal Emergency Management Agency, is also examined to see whether these monies are being used to fund cybersecurity projects.
Full citation: The Critical Infrastructure Gap: U.S. Port Facilities and Cyber Vulnerabilities, Policy Paper, July 2013, Center for 21st Century Security and Intelligence.
Keywords: Maritime Security, Cyber-security, Port Security Grant Program (PSGP), Port facility, Coast Guard, Maritime Transportation Security Act (MTSA).
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